Total knee replacement, also known as total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure performed to alleviate pain and restore function in individuals with severe knee joint damage. This damage is often due to conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or severe trauma.
1
Preparation
Before surgery, anaesthesia is administered to ensure the patient's comfort.
2
Incision
The surgeon makes an incision over the knee to access the joint.
3
Bone Reshaping
Damaged cartilage and bone are removed from the femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone).
4
Implant Placement
Metal components are fixed to the femur and tibia, with a plastic spacer inserted between them for smooth movement.
5
Patellar Resurfacing
If necessary, the undersurface of the patella (kneecap) may be resurfaced with a plastic button.
6
Closure
The incision is closed with sutures or staples, followed by the application of a sterile dressing.