Total knee replacement, also known as total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure performed to alleviate pain and restore function in individuals with severe knee joint damage. This damage is often due to conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or severe trauma.
1
Preparation
Before surgery, anaesthesia is administered to ensure the patient's comfort.
2
Incision
The surgeon makes an incision over the knee to access the joint.
3
Bone Reshaping
Damaged cartilage and bone are removed from the femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone).
4
Implant Placement
Metal components are fixed to the femur and tibia, with a plastic spacer inserted between them for smooth movement.
5
Patellar Resurfacing
If necessary, the undersurface of the patella (kneecap) may be resurfaced with a plastic button.
6
Closure
The incision is closed with sutures or staples, followed by the application of a sterile dressing.
Total knee replacement effectively alleviates chronic knee pain, improving overall quality of life. By replacing damaged joint surfaces with artificial components, total knee replacement restores mobility and functionality to the knee joint. Patients often experience increased mobility, improved ability to perform daily activities, and a better overall quality of life following total knee replacement. Advanced implant designs and minimally invasive techniques enhance long-term outcomes and faster recovery. Detailed preoperative planning ensures accurate alignment and optimal joint performance. A structured rehabilitation programme supports sustained improvement and return to active living.
Physical Therapy
Rehabilitation exercises are crucial for restoring strength, flexibility, and mobility.
Pain Management
Medications and physical modalities may be used to manage post-operative pain and swelling.
Follow-up Appointments
Regular follow-up appointments with the surgeon are essential for monitoring healing and addressing any concerns.